PSII-5 - Evaluating Haemonchus contortus resistance in hair sheep lambs under divergent selection for reduced fecal egg count

Abstract: The gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) Haemonchus contortus is a major threat to global sheep production, a problem exacerbated by increasing levels of anthelmintic resistance. Genetic selection of sheep for reduced fecal egg count (FEC) is hypothesized to improve parasite resistance. This study measured the biological response and worm burden of Dorper x White Dorper (DWD) with high (average = +37.8) or low (average = -12.0) post-weaning FEC estimated breeding values (EBV) and Barbados Blackbelly x Mouflon (BBM) following oral inoculation with 10,000 H. contortus larvae. Lambs (aged 8 months) were grouped by breed and EBV (DWD+, DWD-, BBM) and treatment (inoculated or non-inoculated control) into 6 groups (N=4/grp). At d 0 and 21 blood samples were collected to measure packed-cell volume (PCV) and serum IgG via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and at d 21 FEC were additionally recorded. Lambs were subsequently harvested and adult H. contortus counts for each lamb were captured from the abomasum. Data analysis was performed in SAS v 9.4 and significance was set at p < 0.05. In the inoculated lambs, no difference was observed in PCV at d 21, but DWD+ had a higher mean FEC (1400 + 297 epg) than both DWD- (263 + 167; p= 0.0157) and BBM (50 + 21; p = 0.004). Total serum IgG (ug/ml) was higher in DWD- than DWD+ lambs at both d 0 (686.37 + 50.7 v. 486.15 + 51.25; p = 0.0321) and d 21 (287.16 + 14.33 v. 197.24 + 12.82; p = 0.0034). In BBM, the there was no difference in IgG level from d 0 (172.80 + 22.44) to d 21 (185.08 + 4.25). While BBM had lower IgG at do than both DWD groups, there was no difference between BBM and DWD+ at d 21 (p = 0.4026). Following harvest, inoculated DWD+ had higher worm burden than DWD- (1,330 + 76 v. 818 + 165; p=0.0308) and both DWD groups were higher than BBM (263 + 120; p = 0.0003). These data confirm previous findings that BBM are more resistant to H. contortus than DWD, and selection for lower FEC EBV decreased fecal egg output and worm burden within the DWD breed. Future studies will include RNA-sequencing of abomasal epithelial tissue from inoculated and control lambs in an effort to elucidate gene expression differences between divergently selected DWD and BBM sheep infected with H. contortus.